Koolie
Also known as Australian Koolie · German Koolie · German Collie
Australia, Working and herding dogs
- Size
- Medium
- Height
- 41–51 cm
- Weight
- 15–25 kg
- Life expectancy
- 12–16 yrs
- Energetic
- Sensitive
- Devoted
- Intelligent
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
The Koolie is an Australian working herding dog descended from British collies. It is bred for working ability rather than looks, so it varies widely in size and build from region to region. Merle coats are most familiar, but solid colours and tricolours also occur, with coats ranging from short and smooth to long.
Size
- Size
- Medium
- Height at shoulder
- 41–51 cm
- Adult weight
- 15–25 kg
Typical adult ranges. Males are often at the top of the range and females at the bottom. Most reach adult size by around 12 months.
Lifespan
12–16 years
Most Koolies live 12–16 years. Like other medium dogs, they're usually considered senior from about 8, when twice-yearly vet checks help catch problems early. Keeping them lean is one of the most effective things you can do for a long life. How old is that in human years?
Temperament
Koolies are sensitive, patient and devoted workers that are usually calm and quiet. Some are reserved with new people, and they need guidance to grow into confident adults. Without work, they may herd family members or children.
- Energetic
- Sensitive
- Devoted
- Intelligent
Food
For a typical 20 kg adult- Energy
- ≈ 1,060 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Water
- 800 ml–1.2 L
- a day, from all sources
- Most adults do well on two measured meals a day rather than one large one.
- Choose a complete food for their life stage, and ask your vet before changing diet if they have a health condition.
Starting points only — age, activity and the food itself change the numbers. Work out portions for your dog · Foods to avoid
Exercise
90–120 min a dayThis is a high-energy dog that needs a lot of physical and mental exercise every day. Herding, agility, tracking or other dog sports suit it well.
Grooming & shedding
Most Koolies have short coats that are easy to care for with a weekly brush. Longer coats need more attention.
Health
Training should start early and be consistent and positive. Breeding two merles together risks blind or deaf puppies, so responsible breeders test for the merle gene. Choose a breeder who health-tests for hip and elbow dysplasia.
The breed can be prone to
- Hip and elbow dysplasia
- Deafness and eye defects in double merles
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Hip and elbow scoring
- Merle DNA test
- DNA breed identification
Not every Koolie is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. See common conditions and the symptom checker.
History
The Koolie's ancestors came to Australia from Britain in the early 19th century, and a 1903 article described blue-grey 'German collies' that match the type. Over time some lines were crossed with Kelpies and Border Collies. The Koolie Club of Australia was formed in 2000 and other registries followed, but they have chosen not to pursue show recognition to protect the breed's working ability.
- Country of origin
- Australia
- Type
- Working and herding dogs
- Recognition
- Recognised by breed registries such as the Koolie Club of Australia and the Australian Koolie Association, and accepted by the Australian Shepherd Club of America and the American Herding Breed Association for herding events; not recognised by the FCI, AKC or The Kennel Club
Is a Koolie right for you?
Could suit
- Active owners who enjoy long walks, running or hiking
- People who'd rather not spend much time grooming
- First-time owners prepared to train consistently
Think twice if
- You can't give well over an hour of exercise a day, every day
Cost to keep
About average- Moderate food and insurance costs
- Little or no professional grooming needed
- A 12–16 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Not sure? Try the breed finder.
Koolie FAQ
How big does a Koolie get?
Adult Koolies typically stand about 41–51 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 15–25 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do Koolies live?
Typically 12–16 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a Koolie need?
As a guide, around 90–120 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a Koolie need?
A brush once a week. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are Koolies easy to train?
Usually quick to learn with reward-based training.
Do Koolies shed?
A moderate amount. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control.
Are Koolies good with children?
Many get on well with children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a Koolie live in a flat?
It's usually a challenge — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do Koolies have?
The breed can be prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, deafness and eye defects in double merles. Not every Koolie is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by the Petopedia editorial team to our editorial standards. General guidance, not veterinary advice.