Maltese
Also known as Bichon Maltais · Malteser
Central Mediterranean Basin, Bichons and related breeds
- Size
- Toy
- Height
- 20–25 cm
- Weight
- 2–4 kg
- Life expectancy
- 12–15 yrs
- Affectionate
- Playful
- Alert
- Companionable
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
About the Maltese
The Maltese is a small companion dog from the central Mediterranean, long kept as a lap and household pet. It is known for its long, straight, silky white coat that hangs close to the ground, dark round eyes and a neat, compact body. Despite its delicate appearance it is a sturdy little dog with a lively outlook. It was developed purely for companionship rather than work.
Temperament
Affectionate, alert and playful, the Maltese tends to bond closely with its people and may dislike being left alone for long. It is often bold for its size and can be vocal with visitors. Gentle handling suits it well.
Exercise
Short walks and indoor play are usually enough, around 30 to 45 minutes a day split into sessions. Many enjoy games and short bursts of running in a safe garden.
Grooming
The long silky coat needs brushing most days to prevent tangles, with regular baths. Many owners choose a shorter trim to make upkeep easier. Wipe the eye area often.
Care & wellbeing
Dental care matters in small breeds, so brush teeth regularly. Take care with fragile small bones when handling and jumping from furniture.
Daily needs at a glance
For a typical 3 kg adult- Water
- 120 ml–180 ml
- a day
- Energy
- ≈ 260 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Exercise
- 30–60 min
- a day
- Grooming
- Daily brushing
Starting points from the same formulas as our calculators. Your pet's age, weight, activity and food all change the numbers. Work it out for your pet
Living with a Maltese
Typical tendencies for the breed. Upbringing, training and the individual matter as much.
History
An ancient toy companion associated with the central Mediterranean, long kept as a lap dog by people of means. Its flowing white coat and affectionate nature made it a favourite pet across Europe over many centuries, and it has been bred purely for companionship.
Health
The breed can be prone to
- Patellar luxation
- Dental disease
- Collapsing trachea
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Patella assessment
- Heart check
- Dental check
Not every Maltese is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. Read about common conditions and when to see a vet.
Cost to keep
About average- Smaller food bills and medicine doses
- Regular professional grooming adds up
- A 12–15 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Is a Maltese right for you?
Could suit
- Calmer households and owners who prefer gentle walks
- Smaller homes, as long as daily exercise needs are met
Think twice if
- You don't have time for frequent brushing or the cost of professional grooming
Not sure? Try the breed finder or read choosing the right dog breed.
Common questions
How big does a Maltese get?
Adult Malteses typically stand about 20–25 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 2–4 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do Malteses live?
Typically 12–15 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a Maltese need?
As a guide, around 30–60 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a Maltese need?
Daily brushing, plus regular professional grooming or clipping. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are Malteses easy to train?
Generally trainable with consistent, reward-based practice.
Do Malteses shed?
Very little. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control.
Are Malteses good with children?
Many get on well with children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a Maltese live in a flat?
Usually, yes — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do Malteses have?
The breed can be prone to patellar luxation, dental disease, collapsing trachea. Not every Maltese is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by Petopedia as general guidance, not veterinary advice. Ask your vet about health screening for this breed.
Breed details
- Country of origin
- Central Mediterranean Basin
- Type
- Bichons and related breeds
- Internationally recognised
- 1955