Alano Español
Also known as Spanish Alano · Spanish Alaunt · Spanish Bulldog
Spain, Mastiffs and guardian dogs
- Size
- Large
- Height
- 55–63 cm
- Weight
- 25–40 kg
- Life expectancy
- 11–14 yrs
- Powerful
- Confident
- Loyal
- Courageous
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
The Alano Español is a large, athletic Spanish catch dog of alaunt type, with a broad, short-muzzled head and a short coat, most often brindle or fawn. Historically it was used as a war dog, a catch dog for cattle and boar, and a guard. It came close to vanishing in the 20th century and remains uncommon outside Spain.
Size
- Size
- Large
- Height at shoulder
- 55–63 cm
- Adult weight
- 25–40 kg
Typical adult ranges. Males are often at the top of the range and females at the bottom. Bigger breeds keep filling out until 18–24 months.
Lifespan
11–14 years
Most Alano Españols live 11–14 years. Like other large dogs, they're usually considered senior from about 7, when twice-yearly vet checks help catch problems early. Keeping them lean is one of the most effective things you can do for a long life. How old is that in human years?
Temperament
Well-raised Alanos are usually calm, confident and loyal to their family, and because they were hunted in packs they are generally sociable with other dogs. They were bred to grip and hold large animals, so they are powerful and determined, and they need experienced, consistent handling.
- Powerful
- Confident
- Loyal
- Courageous
Food
For a typical 32.5 kg adult- Energy
- ≈ 1,530 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Water
- 1.3 L–2 L
- a day, from all sources
- Most adults do well on two measured meals a day rather than one large one.
- Puppies of large breeds need a diet made for large-breed growth, so they grow steadily rather than fast.
- Choose a complete food for their life stage, and ask your vet before changing diet if they have a health condition.
Starting points only — age, activity and the food itself change the numbers. Work out portions for your dog · Foods to avoid
Exercise
60–90 min a dayAn athletic dog that needs an hour or more of daily exercise, mixing walks with free running in safe areas.
Grooming & shedding
The short, thick coat needs only a weekly brush.
Health
Early socialisation and calm, reward-based training are essential for a strong catch dog of this size. Some countries and regions restrict powerful or molosser-type breeds, so check the rules where you live before getting one. Choose a breeder who prioritises stable temperament.
The breed can be prone to
- Few breed-specific problems documented
- Joint problems common to large breeds
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Hip and elbow scoring
Not every Alano Español is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. See common conditions and the symptom checker.
History
The breed may descend from dogs brought to Iberia by the Alans in the fifth century. A 14th-century hunting book of Alfonso XI describes alano dogs, and they went with Spanish conquerors to the Americas and appear in Goya's bullfighting etchings. After dogs were banned from the bullring in 1880 and farming changed, the breed almost disappeared. Survivors found in the Basque Country in the 1980s formed the basis of a recovery programme.
- Country of origin
- Spain
- Type
- Mastiffs and guardian dogs
- Recognition
- Recognised by the Real Sociedad Canina de España and listed in Spanish law as a native breed since 2004; not recognised by the FCI, AKC or The Kennel Club
Is a Alano Español right for you?
Could suit
- Owners who can manage a good walk or two each day
- People who'd rather not spend much time grooming
Think twice if
- You need a dog you can easily lift or carry
Cost to keep
Higher than average- Food, insurance and medicines cost more for a big dog
- Little or no professional grooming needed
- A 11–14 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Not sure? Try the breed finder.
Alano Español FAQ
How big does a Alano Español get?
Adult Alano Españols typically stand about 55–63 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 25–40 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do Alano Españols live?
Typically 11–14 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a Alano Español need?
As a guide, around 60–90 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a Alano Español need?
An occasional brush is plenty. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are Alano Españols easy to train?
Generally trainable with consistent, reward-based practice.
Do Alano Españols shed?
A little. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control.
Are Alano Españols good with children?
Many get on well with children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a Alano Español live in a flat?
It's usually a challenge — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do Alano Españols have?
The breed can be prone to few breed-specific problems documented, joint problems common to large breeds. Not every Alano Español is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by the Petopedia editorial team to our editorial standards. General guidance, not veterinary advice.