Bakharwal Dog
Also known as Bakarwal · Kashmiri Sheepdog · Kashmiri Mastiff · Bakhrawal Mastiff
India, Mastiffs and guardian dogs
- Size
- Large
- Height
- 61–76 cm
- Weight
- 40–70 kg
- Life expectancy
- 10–12 yrs
- Protective
- Independent
- Loyal
- Hardy
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
The Bakharwal Dog is a powerful, heavy-boned livestock guardian from the mountains of Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh in northern India. It has a thick double coat and a plumed tail, and looks rather like a smaller Tibetan Mastiff. Colours include black and tan, black with white, red, fawn, pied and brindle.
Size
- Size
- Large
- Height at shoulder
- 61–76 cm
- Adult weight
- 40–70 kg
Typical adult ranges. Males are often at the top of the range and females at the bottom. Bigger breeds keep filling out until 18–24 months.
Lifespan
10–12 years
Most Bakharwal Dogs live 10–12 years. Like other large dogs, they're usually considered senior from about 7, when twice-yearly vet checks help catch problems early. Keeping them lean is one of the most effective things you can do for a long life. How old is that in human years?
Temperament
It was bred by nomadic herders to protect flocks and camps, so it is watchful, independent and wary of strangers and other animals. It is loyal to the people and stock it guards.
- Protective
- Independent
- Loyal
- Hardy
Food
For a typical 55 kg adult- Energy
- ≈ 2,260 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Water
- 2.2 L–3.3 L
- a day, from all sources
- Most adults do well on two measured meals a day rather than one large one.
- Puppies of large breeds need a diet made for large-breed growth, so they grow steadily rather than fast.
- Choose a complete food for their life stage, and ask your vet before changing diet if they have a health condition.
Starting points only — age, activity and the food itself change the numbers. Work out portions for your dog · Foods to avoid
Exercise
60–90 min a dayGuardian dogs need space to patrol more than intense exercise. Daily walks and a large, securely fenced area suit it far better than a flat or a small garden.
Grooming & shedding
Brush the thick coat weekly, and much more often when it moults. Keep it cool in hot weather.
Health
This is a serious guarding dog that needs an experienced owner, firm boundaries and thorough early socialisation. It is rarely found outside its home region and is considered endangered there. Published size figures vary widely, and little reliable health information exists.
The breed can be prone to
- Very little published health information
- Hip dysplasia (a general risk in large guardian breeds)
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Hip scoring
Not every Bakharwal Dog is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. See common conditions and the symptom checker.
History
The breed has been kept for centuries by nomadic and pastoral communities such as the Bakarwal, Gujjar and Gaddi peoples to guard goats, sheep and cattle in the Himalayan foothills. Its exact origin is debated; some link it to the Tibetan Mastiff. Numbers have fallen, and local communities have called for it to be protected.
- Country of origin
- India
- Type
- Mastiffs and guardian dogs
- Recognition
- Not recognised by the FCI, AKC or The Kennel Club, or by the Kennel Club of India
Is a Bakharwal Dog right for you?
Could suit
- Owners who can manage a good walk or two each day
Think twice if
- This is your first dog — an independent breed can be a challenge to train
- You need a dog you can easily lift or carry
Cost to keep
Higher than average- Food, insurance and medicines cost more for a big dog
- Little or no professional grooming needed
- A 10–12 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Not sure? Try the breed finder.
Bakharwal Dog FAQ
How big does a Bakharwal Dog get?
Adult Bakharwal Dogs typically stand about 61–76 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 40–70 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do Bakharwal Dogs live?
Typically 10–12 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a Bakharwal Dog need?
As a guide, around 60–90 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a Bakharwal Dog need?
Brushing a few times a week. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are Bakharwal Dogs easy to train?
Often independent-minded, so training needs patience, consistency and high-value rewards.
Do Bakharwal Dogs shed?
Quite a lot. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control — expect more around spring and autumn.
Are Bakharwal Dogs good with children?
They're often better suited to adults or older, calm children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a Bakharwal Dog live in a flat?
It's usually a challenge — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do Bakharwal Dogs have?
The breed can be prone to very little published health information, hip dysplasia (a general risk in large guardian breeds). Not every Bakharwal Dog is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by the Petopedia editorial team to our editorial standards. General guidance, not veterinary advice.