Samoyed
Also known as Samoiedskaïa Sabaka · Samoyede · Samojede · Samoyedo
Northern Russia, Siberia, Nordic Sledge Dogs
- Size
- Medium
- Height
- 46–56 cm
- Weight
- 16–30 kg
- Life expectancy
- 12–14 yrs
- Friendly
- Gentle
- Sociable
- Strong-willed
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
About the Samoyed
The Samoyed is a spitz-type dog from Northern Russia and Siberia, developed by Samoyedic peoples to herd reindeer, pull sleds and keep people warm. It is a medium-sized dog with a thick, white or cream double coat and a famous upturned mouth, often called the Samoyed smile. It is friendly, chatty and sociable, and dislikes solitude.
Temperament
Friendly, gentle and sociable, usually good with children and visitors. Intelligent, but independent, and it can be vocal and strong-willed. Does not do well when left alone.
Exercise
Needs at least an hour of daily exercise, including walks and play, and enjoys cold weather activities.
Grooming
Very thick double coat that sheds heavily. Brush several times a week, daily during moulting.
Care & wellbeing
Heat sensitive, so avoid exercise in warm weather. Provide plenty of company and some training.
Daily needs at a glance
For a typical 23 kg adult- Water
- 920 ml–1.4 L
- a day
- Energy
- ≈ 1,180 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Exercise
- 90–120 min
- a day
- Grooming
- Daily brushing
Starting points from the same formulas as our calculators. Your pet's age, weight, activity and food all change the numbers. Work it out for your pet
Living with a Samoyed
Typical tendencies for the breed. Upbringing, training and the individual matter as much.
History
A spitz-type dog from northern Russia and Siberia, kept by the Samoyede peoples to herd reindeer, pull sledges and keep people warm. Its thick white coat and friendly 'smile' are distinctive. It is social and active.
Health
The breed can be prone to
- Hip dysplasia
- Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
- Diabetes
- Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Hip and elbow scores
- Eye tests
- DNA test for PRA
- Kidney tests
Not every Samoyed is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. Read about common conditions and when to see a vet.
Cost to keep
Higher than average- Moderate food and insurance costs
- Regular professional grooming adds up
- A 12–14 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Is a Samoyed right for you?
Could suit
- Active owners who enjoy long walks, running or hiking
Think twice if
- You can't give well over an hour of exercise a day, every day
- You don't have time for frequent brushing or the cost of professional grooming
Not sure? Try the breed finder or read choosing the right dog breed.
Common questions
How big does a Samoyed get?
Adult Samoyeds typically stand about 46–56 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 16–30 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do Samoyeds live?
Typically 12–14 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a Samoyed need?
As a guide, around 90–120 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a Samoyed need?
Daily brushing, plus regular professional grooming or clipping. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are Samoyeds easy to train?
Generally trainable with consistent, reward-based practice.
Do Samoyeds shed?
A lot, especially in seasonal moults. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control — expect more around spring and autumn.
Are Samoyeds good with children?
They usually do well with children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a Samoyed live in a flat?
It's usually a challenge — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do Samoyeds have?
The breed can be prone to hip dysplasia, progressive retinal atrophy (pra), diabetes. Not every Samoyed is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by Petopedia as general guidance, not veterinary advice. Ask your vet about health screening for this breed.
Breed details
- Country of origin
- Northern Russia, Siberia
- Type
- Nordic Sledge Dogs
- Internationally recognised
- 1959